What is the primary function of a total station?

A total station is an advanced surveying instrument that integrates the functions of theodolites for measuring angles and electronic distance measurement (EDM) technology to accurately determine distances. The primary function of a total station is to measure both angles and distances, which allows surveyors to obtain precise locations of points on the ground in three-dimensional space.

This dual capability is crucial in various surveying applications, such as construction, land surveying, and topographical mapping. By measuring angles in both the horizontal and vertical planes along with distances, surveyors can create detailed and accurate representations of the surveyed area.

Options that suggest only measuring angles, creating digital map overlays, or establishing benchmarks do not encompass the complete functionality of a total station, as they neglect the essential distance measurement that is integral to the instrument's operation. Thus, the correct answer highlights the comprehensive capabilities of total stations in surveying work, which include critical measurements necessary for a variety of applications in the field.